Trump’s Imprudent Policies Are Making Iran a Bigger Phantom

The latest US-Israel war on Iran, which began on February 28, 2026, appears to have produced an outcome very different from what Washington may have anticipated. Despite intense military and economic pressure, Iran has not capitulated. Instead, the conflict seems to have reinforced national cohesion and strengthened Tehran’s determination to resist external coercion.

Iran’s economy has certainly suffered. Years of sanctions have produced weak growth and high inflation, while the war has damaged critical industrial facilities and disrupted trade through the Strait of Hormuz. The IMF has estimated a sharp contraction in Iranian GDP, while inflation and currency depreciation have reached alarming levels. Yet economic pain has not translated into political surrender. Iranian businesses have spent years adapting to sanctions, maintaining substantial inventories and developing alternative trade channels. These practices have provided a degree of resilience even as supply chains and maritime trade have come under severe pressure.

Trump’s repeated appeals to Iranians to rise against their government may also be producing the opposite effect. External pressure can deepen public grievances, but it can simultaneously strengthen nationalist sentiment and resistance to perceived foreign interference. Iran’s leadership has demonstrated an ability to transfer much of the economic burden onto ordinary citizens while preserving the state’s capacity to resist.

There is another, potentially more consequential, dimension. Iranian attacks on US military facilities in Gulf countries have forced Arab states to reconsider the assumptions underlying their security arrangements. If the American military presence cannot prevent attacks on regional assets, questions naturally arise over whether Washington’s security architecture primarily serves Arab interests or Israel.

The Strait of Hormuz presents an equally serious dilemma. Disruptions may constrain Iranian oil exports, but Arab economies are also exposed through attacks on energy infrastructure, US-linked assets and reduced energy exports. A wider disruption extending toward the Red Sea, particularly through Houthi action, could impose an even heavier cost on regional economies.

The paradox is becoming increasingly clear - Washington may be capable of inflicting enormous pain on Iran, but pain alone has not delivered submission. Donald Trump’s imprudent policies may therefore be making Iran a “Bigger Phantom”—not necessarily more powerful, but more resilient, more unpredictable and increasingly costly to contain.

 

Strait of Hormuz: Release the Seafarers Held Hostage

For months, entry and exit of merchant ships into/ from the Strait of Hormuz has remained at the lowest level due to the US blockade, though President Trump holds Iran responsible for this blockade.

The biggest losers are shipping companies because these ships are stuck and cannot be deployed on any other voyage. But even worse hit are the seafarers, who are stranded at sea for months, separated from their families and uncertain about when they will be able to return home.

The scale of this humanitarian crisis is staggering. According to the International Maritime Organization (IMO), around 6,000 seafarers remain stranded aboard vessels unable to leave the Persian Gulf safely. The UN human-rights office has reported that at least 6,000 seafarers aboard some 400 vessels remain stranded in and around the Strait of Hormuz.

These 6,000 people are not soldiers. They are not combatants. They are ordinary men and women doing their jobs to keep global trade moving. Yet they have become innocent victims of a geopolitical confrontation in which they have no stake.

These seafarers, stranded at sea, face disruption in food supplies, drinking water, medicines and other essential items. Prolonged confinement, uncertainty and separation from their families are placing an enormous psychological and physical burden on them.

A conclusion can be drawn that these ships and seafarers have been held “hostage” by the United States.

Iran, suffering from economic sanctions, has offered safe exit to these ships if they pay a toll. It is believed that shipping companies were willing to pay the toll for safe exit, but the US Navy denies exit even after payment of the toll.

Many analysts term US attacks on Iran illegal and the detention of ships and seafarers tantamount to “Maritime Terrorism.”

Whatever the legal or political arguments, one fact should concern the entire world - approximately 6,000 human beings are trapped at sea. They have families waiting for them. They have homes to return to. They have done nothing to become victims of this conflict.

The international community cannot remain silent while thousands of seafarers spend months trapped aboard ships.

May be the time has come for shipping companies to stop delivering cargo to, or taking cargo from, US ports unless the ships stranded at the Strait of Hormuz are allowed safe exit.

This is no longer merely a dispute between the United States and Iran. It is a humanitarian crisis.

All stakeholders - the US administration, Iran, shipping companies, maritime organizations, seafarers' unions and the international community—are requested to join hands for the immediate release and safe passage of these seafarers.

Political differences can wait. Economic disputes can wait. But human beings cannot wait indefinitely. The world must raise its voice for those who have no voice.

Release the ships. Release the seafarers.

OPEC Plus keeps oil output policy unchanged

OPEC Plus kept its oil output policy unchanged for ‌October at a meeting on Sunday, as the producer group needs to agree new quotas before deciding its next output steps.

The meeting of seven core OPEC+ members — Saudi Arabia, ​Russia, Iraq, Kuwait, Algeria, Kazakhstan and Oman — comes as the US-Israel war on Iran continues to ​disrupt oil exports through the Strait of Hormuz, limiting OPEC+'s influence over prices ⁠and market share.

In August, OPEC+ agreed its production boost for September, completing a phased rollback ​of a 1.65 million barrel per day supply cut first agreed in 2023.

Despite the agreed production increases, ​the group made up of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies, including Russia, still produces far below its targets because of the war.

"OPEC+ currently has ​very limited power over the physical oil market," said Jorge Leon of Rystad Energy. "The group ​can change production targets on paper, but it cannot guarantee that those barrels will be produced or ‌actually ⁠reach the market."

"The focus now shifts away from monthly production adjustments and towards the much more consequential debate over 2027."

OPEC+ still has another layer of production cuts in place, covering most members of the 21-country group until the end of 2026. Before the group decides ​how to unwind the ​cuts and return production ⁠to the market, it needs to review members' oil production capacity to set 2027 output baselines, which form the basis for quotas.

This ​debate will likely happen later in 2026 and hence OPEC+ is ​likely to pause ⁠its output increases for the fourth quarter, sources earlier told Reuters. The statement on Sunday made no mention of policy beyond October.

Only the seven OPEC+ members who met on Sunday, plus ⁠the United ​Arab Emirates until it left OPEC in May, have ​been involved in monthly output decisions in recent years.

Trump Sinking Deeper into the Marsh

Donald Trump may have entered the war against Iran believing that overwhelming American and Israeli military power would deliver a quick and decisive victory. Instead, he appears to be sinking deeper into a strategic marsh. The more he struggles to secure the outcome he expected, the more complicated the consequences seem to become.

The first problem is that Trump joined Israel in a war against Iran without a sufficiently broad coalition of trusted American allies. What may have been conceived as an assertion of American power has increasingly exposed the limitations of unilateral action. Iran has suffered enormous damage, but it has also demonstrated a resilience that appears to have exceeded Washington’s expectations.

The second—and perhaps more serious—problem is Trump’s mindset. He appears reluctant to consider that his original assumptions may have been wrong. If Iran cannot be forced into submission, continuing the war carries mounting costs; yet accepting this reality could require Trump to acknowledge a strategic miscalculation.

The regional consequences are equally troubling. Arab governments may increasingly perceive that, when American and Arab interests diverge, Israel remains Washington’s first choice for protection. The confrontation around the Strait of Hormuz adds another layer of resentment. Gulf economies depend heavily on uninterrupted crude exports, and restrictions on shipping threaten their interests even when they are not parties to the conflict.

Meanwhile, Iran is not isolated. Israel’s claim that China is providing technical expertise to Tehran points to an increasingly important dimension of the conflict - America may be pushing Iran closer to a powerful strategic partner.

The consequences are spreading beyond the Middle East. The withdrawal of American aircraft carriers from the South China Sea has weakened Washington’s immediate naval posture in an area where China is the principal challenger.

At the same time, depleted US arsenals, after years of support for Ukraine and the demands of the Iran conflict, could constrain Washington’s ability to respond elsewhere.

Then comes oil. Despite the disruption surrounding the Strait of Hormuz, crude prices have not reached the dramatic US$200-per-barrel level that would have transformed the economic equation in America’s favor.

Trump therefore faces an increasingly difficult choice: continue the war and risk sinking deeper, or seek an exit that could be portrayed as retreat.

The marsh may no longer be Iran. It may be Trump’s own conviction that admitting a mistake is more dangerous than continuing to struggle.

PSX average daily trading volume declines by 26%WoW

Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) remained subdued during this past week, with the escalation of the US-Iran conflict, now in its seventh month, being the primary headwind, following US strikes on Iran and subsequent Iranian retaliatory strikes on US air bases in the region. Market activity also weakened, with average daily trading volume declining by 26%WoW to 971 million shares.

Consequently, Brent crude surged to a six-week high of US$97.6/ bbl during the week, while the benchmark Index declined 2,368 points, down 1.3%WoW to close at 175,329.

However, negative sentiments were partially offset by Pakistan’s record US$3 billion dual-tranche Eurobond issuance, which achieved the lowest spreads over US Treasuries in two decades and marked the country’s largest-ever international capital market transaction.

Trade deficit widened 10%YoY to US$3.2 billion in August 2026, although it narrowed 20%MoM despite higher international oil prices.

CPI for August 2026 accelerated to 11.1%YoY (9.2%YoY in June 2026) on higher Transport and Food prices.

FBR surpassed its 2MFY27 revenue target by PKR12 billion, while the government raised PKR657 billion through T-Bill auctions, with yields ranging between 11.39% and 11.99% across tenors.

Cement dispatches edged down 0.7%YoY to 4.0 million tons amid monsoon rains, while petroleum offtakes declined 3%YoY to 1.3 million tons due to transporters strikes.

Other major news flow during the week included: 1) Pakistan to head joint defence secretariat under Makkah Defence Alliance, 2) GoP made record PKR1.2 trillion early repayment of central bank debt, 3) IMF cites Pakistan as model for debt, growth and reform drive, 4) Cotton arrivals rose 27%YoY to 1.7 million bales in August 2026, and 5) foreign exchange reserves held by SBP rose modestly to US$17.1 billion as of August 28, 2026.

Top performing sectors were Textile Composites and Refineries, while the laggards included Banks, Pharmaceuticals, and Technology.

Major selling was recorded by Mutual Funds (US$18.1 million) and Foreigners (US$7.4 million). Net buyers were Individuals with US$16.6 million.

Top performing scrips were: PGLC, THALL, EFERT, TPLRF1, and ILP, while laggards included: PSEL, SCBPL, SRVI, KOHC, and BAHL.

AKD Securities expects the market to improve on the back of strengthening economic indicators and a strong fiscal position, while moderating inflation should increase the likelihood of interest rates returning to single digits by year-end.

Additionally, a potential US Iran deal could moderate international oil prices towards pre-conflict levels. Market continues to trade at attractive valuations.

Top picks of the brokerage house include: OGDC, PPL, UBL, MEBL, HBL, FFC, ENGROH, PSO, LUCK, FCCL, INDU, ILP and SYS.

USS Abraham Lincoln: A Metaphor for a Depleted America

The arrival of the USS Abraham Lincoln in Thailand should prompt more than curiosity about the rusty appearance of an American supercarrier. It offers a striking metaphor for the condition of the United States itself.

The almost 1,100-foot-long carrier arrived at Laem Chabang after an extraordinary 286 days without a full rest-and-relaxation port call. Much of that period was reportedly spent conducting grueling combat operations against Iran. Its heavily rusted hull tells the story of prolonged deployment, while reports of supply shortages and morale problems raise questions about the condition of its crew.

To be fair, rust on a warship after prolonged deployment is not unusual. Naval experts say removing it requires substantial maintenance that cannot easily be undertaken during combat operations. The issue, therefore, is not simply the rust. It is the prolonged deployment that produced it.

That distinction carries a much larger message.

The United States appears to be confronting a similar problem - too many commitments, enormous financial burdens and insufficient time to replenish the resources consumed by sustained military operations.

Federal debt has climbed to around US$40 trillion, while prolonged conflicts and military commitments have placed extraordinary demands on defense resources. Concerns about ammunition stocks and replenishment have further exposed the limits of maintaining high-intensity operations indefinitely.

But the deeper problem is strategic rather than physical or financial. The real test of a superpower is not how much it can spend or how many weapons it possesses, but whether it can translate overwhelming capabilities into clearly defined and achievable political objectives.

This is where the contrast with Donald Trump's promise of “Make America Great Again” (MAGA) becomes uncomfortable.

Greatness cannot be measured merely by bigger ships, larger defense budgets or louder rhetoric. It requires a resilient economy, sustainable military power, sound strategy and the ability to achieve stated objectives without exhausting the resources needed for tomorrow.

The USS Abraham Lincoln may simply need maintenance after an unusually long deployment. But as a metaphor, it raises a more consequential question, is America replenishing its power—or exhausting it?

MAGA promised to make America great again. The rust on the Lincoln suggests that, before greatness can be restored, America may first need to repair, replenish and rethink the way it exercises its power.

 

Trump Has Weakened the United States

Make America Great Again (MAGA) was sold to Americans as a promise to restore the United States to a golden age—greater economic vitality, stronger sovereignty and renewed global influence. But as Donald Trump's second term approaches its midpoint, the record increasingly suggests the opposite - America may be becoming more powerful in rhetoric, but weaker in substance.

Trump is undoubtedly one of the most consequential presidents in modern American history. The problem is that many of the consequences of his policies have been damaging not only to American society but also to the country's relative power and standing in the world.

America's greatest strength has never rested solely on its military or economic might. It has also depended on the credibility of its commitments. Allies cooperate with Washington because they believe its promises will endure beyond the next political cycle. Trump's repeated threats against NATO, public attacks on allies and abrupt shifts in foreign policy have weakened that confidence while creating opportunities for adversaries.

His transactional approach to diplomacy has produced another cost, unpredictability. Tariff threats, sudden policy reversals and pressure on partners have made it increasingly difficult for governments to know where Washington will stand tomorrow. Trade wars have also imposed costs on American consumers, farmers and manufacturers while inviting retaliation.

At home, the damage is equally consequential. Persistent attacks on the judiciary, media, intelligence agencies and electoral institutions have deepened political polarization and eroded public trust. A democracy that increasingly doubts its own institutions cannot project the same confidence abroad.

The consequences extend to America's fiscal position and long-term resilience. Large deficits, rising debt, weakened climate preparedness and politicization of national-security decisions constrain the country's ability to respond effectively to future crises.

MAGA promised to make America great again. Yet greatness is not measured by how loudly a nation asserts its power, but by how effectively it converts economic strength, democratic institutions, alliances and international trust into lasting influence.

Trump may have strengthened the politics of grievance, but he has weakened the foundations of American power. In seeking to put America first, he risks leaving the United States more divided at home, less trusted abroad and, ultimately, weaker.

Sinokor VLCC abandoned

The crew of the VLCC Senegal Prosperity have been evacuated leaving the tanker abandoned and listing in the Strait of Hormuz. The Liberian-registered 320,780 dwt Senegal Prosperity was struck three times by what were described in security reports as “rockets” while transiting the Strait of Hormuz. The tanker was struck on its port side, engine room, and ballast tank.

According to an update from the Joint Maritime Information Center (JMIC) the Senegal Prosperity was southbound exiting the Strait to the Gulf of Oman and was 4 nm from the Oman coast at the time of the incident on 22:00hrs UTC on 30 August.

JMIC said the Company Security Officer (CSO) reported that all communications were lost with the vessel following the attack and it was dead in the water and listing to port.

The VLCC dropped anchor at position 2619N 05633E. The crew of the vessels were evacuated by the local authorities leaving it abandoned in the Strait of Hormuz off the Omani coast. There no casualties among the crew.

The tanker's last broadcast AIS position was two days ago offshore from Ju Aymah Oil Terminal in Saudi Arabia, in a laden condition on 28 August, according to data from Pole Star Global.

Meanwhile US forces undertook further strikes on 1 September on Iranian military targets bordering the Strait.

“US forces struck Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) targets including air defense sites, radar systems, maritime assets and facilities, mine laying capabilities, and communications sites,” US Central Command said.

“The strikes follow recent attempted attacks by the IRGC against commercial shipping in the Strait of Hormuz and against American service members.”

Courtesy: Seatrade Maritime News

 

PSX Benchmark Index Posts Paltry 0.3%WoW Gain

Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) remained range bound during the week ended on August 28, 2026.The benchmark Index posted 0.3%WoW gain to close at 177,697 points. Market activity improved, with the average daily traded volume rising by 24.7%WoW to 1.3 billion shares, as compared to 1.1 billion in the previous week.

Moody’s one-notch upgrade of Pakistan’s sovereign rating to B3 due to improvements in governance, provided a modest boost to investors’ sentiment.

The US-Iran situation remained under control, keeping oil prices below US$90/ bbl on Friday’s close, as Iran continued separate discussions with Oman and Qatar aimed at facilitating the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz.

Foreign exchange reserves held by State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) rose modestly to US$17.1 billion as of August 21, 2026.

Central bank transferred PKR1.9 trillion in profits to the Federal Government, PKR496 billion higher than the budgeted transfer.

Banking sector deposits rose by 14% YoY to PkR39.1 trillion as of end July 2026.

Other major news flow during the week included: 1) Saudi team and Prime Minister discuss investment in agriculture, real estate, energy and IT, 2) new SPV established for the privatization of three Discos, 3) Refineries to sign upgrade deals within 10 days, 4) Pakistan received US$763 million loans, grants in July this year, and 5) Government. introduces a performance based rebate on incremental exports.

Top performing sectors were: Textile Composite, FMCG, and Power, while sectors that lagged the most were: OMCs, Inv. Cos., and Technology.

Major net buying was recorded by Mutual Funds (US$6.2 million) and Companies with (US$4.3 million). Major net sellers were Foreigners with US$10.6 million.

Top performing scrips were: AICL, THALL, KTML, POWER, and ABOT, while laggards included: PGLC, SRVI, TRG, NBP, and HMB.

AKD Securities expects market to improve on strengthening economic indicators amid easing geopolitical tensions. A potential US-Iran deal could moderate international oil prices. Market continues to trade at attractive valuations.

Top picks of the brokerage house include: OGDC, PPL, UBL, MEBL, HBL, FFC, ENGROH, PSO, LUCK, FCCL, INDU, ILP and SYS.

United States: A Morally and Financially Bankrupt Superpower

The United States may claim to be the world's most powerful military and economic power. Yet its confrontation with Iran raises a fundamental question, what happens when a superpower possessing overwhelming military strength fails to convert that strength into sustainable political outcomes?

Iran provides a compelling test, for nearly half a century, the country has endured American sanctions, diplomatic isolation, covert operations and successive campaigns of economic pressure. Washington's "maximum pressure" policy inflicted severe economic pain, but failed to bring Iran to its knees or force the political transformation sought by successive US administrations.

The February 28, 2026 US-Israeli attack represented a dramatic escalation. The killing of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and senior Iranian officials demonstrated America's extraordinary military reach. But eliminating a leader is not the same as defeating a nation. Iran's state structure survived, its political system remained functional and regime change did not materialize.

Indeed, the war may have produced the opposite of its intended political effect. External aggression can suppress internal differences and strengthen national cohesion. While it would be excessive to claim that every Iranian rallied behind the government, the attack appears to have reinforced the perception that Iran's sovereignty was under direct threat. The policy intended to weaken Iran, has strengthened Iranian nationalism and resistance.

This raises a crucial question, if military pressure has failed to deliver political submission, what explains its persistence?

Energy is an important part of the answer. Restricting Iranian oil exports, limiting China's access to Iranian crude and preserving America's influence over global energy markets have clear strategic and economic implications. Yet Washington faces a fundamental contradiction: it can pressure Iran, but confronting China, the principal destination for Iranian oil, would risk transforming the Iranian conflict into a much broader geopolitical confrontation.

The financial dimension is even more troubling. America's national debt has crossed US$40 trillion, while interest payments are becoming an increasingly heavy burden on the federal budget.

The United States may not be bankrupt in the conventional sense because it issues the world's principal reserve currency and borrows in its own currency. The combination of enormous debt, rising interest costs and an expansive global military footprint raises serious questions about the sustainability of American power.

The moral contradiction is equally profound. America has long presented itself as a defender of democracy, human rights, sovereignty and a rules-based international order. Yet prolonged sanctions, military intervention and attempts to engineer political change abroad inevitably raise questions about the consistency between America's proclaimed values and its actions.

The real issue is therefore not whether the United States possesses sufficient power to destroy its adversaries. It plainly does. The question is whether it can translate that power into durable political success without exhausting its financial resources and moral authority.

Iran has survived nearly five decades of sanctions, maximum pressure and military intervention. America, meanwhile, carries more than US$40 trillion in debt while sustaining an increasingly costly global strategic posture.

A country that repeatedly fails to achieve its political objectives through overwhelming force, accumulates extraordinary financial obligations and compromises the moral principles it claims to defend is confronting more than strategic overstretch.

The United States may still possess unparalleled military power and the world's dominant currency, but the widening gap between its ambitions, achievements, finances and proclaimed values points toward an uncomfortable conclusion: America is becoming a morally and financially bankrupt superpower.

 

Ships stranded in Strait of Hormuz could trigger biological invasions

More than 1,500 large commercial vessels stranded in the Strait of Hormuz following its closure amid tensions between the US and Iran could trigger a global wave of biological invasions, researchers have warned.

A study published in the journal "Biological Invasions" says marine organisms accumulating on ship hulls during extended stationary periods may be transported to ports worldwide once traffic resumes, potentially creating a "super-spreader" effect for invasive species.

The study found that biofouling, consisting of marine microorganisms, algae, and invertebrates, can rapidly develop on the hulls of ships that remain stationary for extended periods.

According to the study, more than 1,500 large commercial vessels have becomes stranded following the closure of the Strait of Hormuz on February 28, 2026.

The prolonged presence of these ships in the region allows local organisms to colonize their hulls, while also bringing together communities of organisms from different parts of the world on the same vessels.

Professor Mario Tamburri of the University of Maryland, the study's lead author, described the current situation as a "worst-case scenario" compared to previous shipping disruptions.

The risk is amplified by several converging factors: the unprecedented number and size of stranded vessels, combined with the fact that the closure coincides with spring and summer—peak seasons for marine organism growth and reproduction.

Organisms native to the Gulf, already adapted to extreme temperatures and high salinity, may prove particularly resilient when introduced to new environments.

Tamburri said the length of time a vessel remains stationary is critical in determining the amount and diversity of biofouling.

“The longer they remain stationary during periods of productive growth and reproduction, the more extensive and diverse the biofouling on the ships becomes,” he said.

The study stresses that vessels in the Gulf have remained stationary far longer than normal port waiting periods, creating favorable conditions for invasive species to reproduce on their hulls and be transported to other regions.

Tamburri said it is difficult to predict with certainty which species will be spread by ships, as the risk depends on numerous variables involving both the species and the environmental conditions to which they are transported.

The study also notes that species transported through biofouling can affect not only ecosystems but also economic activities, while certain parasites and pathogens may threaten commercially important species.

The study emphasizes that the first ports visited by ships departing the Strait of Hormuz are particularly important for the establishment of invasive species.

The researchers recommend cleaning the biofouling from ships’ hulls before they leave the Gulf as the ideal solution.

However, they note that applying this measure to every vessel would be difficult because the region has limited capacity for such operations and ships may need to leave quickly for security, logistical, and operational reasons.

The study identifies specific ports facing elevated invasion risks due to short voyage times and similar environmental conditions. Jeddah, Mumbai, Colombo, Singapore, Alexandria, Piraeus, Algeciras, and Rotterdam are highlighted as particularly vulnerable first destinations.

The Asian green mussel, native to the Gulf, serves as a cautionary example—having already established itself in Florida, the Caribbean, Australia, and South America, where it competes with native species and clogs industrial infrastructure.

Researchers warn that the international maritime community remains ill-prepared for this biosecurity threat. While regulations are being developed through the International Maritime Organization (IMO), they will take years to finalize.

The study recommends implementing early-warning and rapid-response systems at first ports of call, alongside coordinated international efforts bridging biological invasion science, maritime logistics, and regulation.

 

PSX index remains under pressure

Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) remained under pressure during the week ended on August 21, 2026. The benchmark Index closed at 177,167. Total Market capitalization also contracted to US$71.6 billion from US$72.5 billion last week.

The average daily trading volume edged up marginally by 0.3%WoW to 1,053.4 million shares, as compared to 1,050.5 million shares in the previous week.

The dominant driver remained the unresolved US-Iran conflict, now approaching six months since first strikes began on February 28.

Brent crude posted its second consecutive weekly gain, up over 6%WoW to US$94.2/ bbl, with neither side making any effort to restart talks after the 60-day ceasefire expired.

The current account deficit narrowed to US$328 million in July 2026, down 38%YoY, aided by rebound in goods exports and strong remittance flows.

State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) raised PKR518 billion through T-Bills, with yields ranging between 11.47%-11.99% across all tenors.

On the sectoral front, Urea offtakes declined 5%YoY and DAP 10%YoY in July 2026, while IT exports recorded 18%YoY increase to US$417 million.

Other major news flow during the week included: 1) Pakistan scrambles to secure Qatar LNG cargo by August, 25 as spot prices surged, 2) LSM index rose 5%YoY in FY26, 3) Pakistan pushes China B2B deals from MoUs to investments & exports, 4) Circular debt jumps by PKR364 billion in FY26, and 5) Pakistan, Norway agree to enhance ties in various sectors.

Top performing sectors were: Refinery, OMC, and E&P, while Banks, Power, and Textile Composite were the laggards.

Major selling was recorded by Banks and Mutual Funds with US$14.5 million and US$10.6 million, respectively. Major buyers were Individuals with US$17.5 million.

Top performing scrips were: PGLC, ATRL, PSO, INIL, and CNERGY, while laggards included THALL, CHCC, TGL, PABC, and PAEL.

AKD Securities expects the market to improve on strengthening economic indicators amid easing geopolitical tensions, along with favorable financial results for June 2026.

Additionally, a potential US-Iran deal could moderate international oil prices towards pre-conflict levels.

Market continues to trade at attractive valuations.

The brokerage house forecasts the Index to reach 263,800 by end December 2026.

Top picks of the brokerage house include: OGDC, PPL, UBL, MEBL, HBL, FFC, ENGROH, PSO, LUCK, FCCL, INDU, ILP and SYS.

How Iran is shaping the new navigational order in the Strait of Hormuz?

In a new monthly series on the Seatrade Maritime News Podcast entitled Maritime Crossroads we will be exploring the critical issues of maritime and energy risks in the Middle East region.

The series features Noam Raydan, a Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, discussing issues with Marcus Hand, Editor of Seatrade Maritime News.

The first episode explores how Iran is changing the navigational order in one of world’s most key waterways – the Strait of Hormuz.

The internationally recognized routes in the Strait of Hormuz were adopted by International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 1968 but these are no longer being used by commercial shipping.

“Instead, we have a completely new navigational order, and this is what Iran right now wants to shape according to its own terms.

In this new navigational order which we are seeing emerging in the region, we have completely new lanes that are being used by commercial shipping,” she says.

 

PSX benchmark index closes almost flat

Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) remained under pressure during the week ended on August 13, 2026, primarily due to uncertainty surrounding the US-Iran deal and reopening of Strait of Hormuz. The benchmark index dropped by 1,325 points or 0.7%WoW to close at 180,105 on Thursday. However, market participation improved, with average daily traded volume increasing by 13%WoW to 1.1 billion share.

Oil prices remained elevated. Brent crude crossed US$90/ bbl mark during the week, up from last week’s close of US$84/ bbl, before correcting to current level of US$86/bbl.

Healthy corporate results and positive external and macro developments provided some support to investors’ confidence.

On last Friday, Pakistan signed a mutual defence agreement with Turkiye and Saudi Arabia, extending its earlier pact with the Royal Kingdom.

Fiscal deficit for FY26 was record at a low of 2.6% of GDP, while primary surplus at record high 2.9% of GDP, driven by higher tax revenue and lower markup expenses amid declining interest rates. Consequently, GoP’s debt recorded its lowest annual rise in two decades.

Workers’ remittances increased by 13%YoY to US$3.6 billion during July 2026.

On the sectoral front, auto sales increased by 74%YoY, supported by strong demand.

Other major news flow during the week included: 1) Pakistan to open new gateway for global oil suppliers, 2) FBR hints at withdrawing super tax, 3) Cotton crop satisfactory, rice beats target in Punjab, and 4) Minister calls for auto sector revival to meet US$63 billion export target.

Refinery and Oil & Gas Exploration emerged as top performing sectors, while Power, Fertilizer, and Technology remained laggards.

Major selling was recorded by Banks and Insurance companies with net sell of US$11.2 million and US$6.3 million. Individuals absorbed most of the selling with a net buy of US$16.3 million.

 

Top performing scrips were: CNERGY, PSEL, GAL, GHNI, and ATRL. On the flip side, laggards included: AICL, HUBC, BOP, TRG, and PAKT.

AKD Securities expects the market to improve on strengthening economic indicators amid easing geo political tensions, along with favorable financial results for the period ending June 20, 2026.

Additionally, a potential US-Iran deal could moderate international oil prices towards pre-conflict levels, further supporting sentiment. Market continues to trade at attractive valuations.

Top picks of the brokerage house include: OGDC, PPL, UBL, MEBL, HBL, FFC, ENGROH, PSO, LUCK, FCCL, INDU, ILP and SYS.

PSX benchmark Index closes the week up 3%WoW

Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) witnessed positive momentum during this past week. The benchmark Index closed the week up 5,336 points or 3%WoW at 181,430. Market participation remained thin with average daily traded volume falling by 29%WoW to 934 million shares.

This, coupled with Iran-Oman talks aimed at restoring the Strait of Hormuz to its pre-conflict position, drove oil prices below US$80/bbl levels, before settling slightly up at US$82/ bbl on Friday. Moreover, robust financial results from the banking sector bolstered sentiments.

Trade deficit for July 2026 reported at US$3.9 billion remained down 15%MoM led by higher exports. The positive sentiments were partially tempered by uncertainties surrounding the Red Sea passageway, and higher-than-anticipated CPI of 9.2%YoY for the month, although inflation came in single digits after 4 months.

Petroleum offtakes rose 23%YoY for July 2026 to 1.5 million tons as compared to the same period last year due to rains and floods, resulting in a lower base, along with tighter enforcement curbing fuel smuggling from Iran.

Cement sector offtakes grew 6%YoY to 4.5 million tons during the month, supported by improved construction activity.

Other major news flow during the week included: 1) Turkey, Saudi Arabia & Pakistan signed joint defence agreement, 2) OPEC plus raised September oil output by 188,000 bpd, 3) GoP raised PKR882 billion through T-bills auction, 4) GoP also raised PKR474 billion via PIBs sale, and 5) foreign exchange reserves held by State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) rose to US$17.0 billion as of Jul 31, 2026.

Top performing sectors included: Jute, Textile Spinning, and Property, while laggards included: Synthetic & Rayon, Leasing Companies, and Sugar & Allied Industries.

Buying by Mutual Funds amounted to US$13.2 million. Net sellers were Banks with US$11.2 million.

Top performing scrips were: GADT, POWER, CNERGY, NPL, and BOP, while laggards included: MEHT, IBFL, PGLC, KTML, and SHFA.

AKD Securities, expects market to improve on strengthening economic indicators amid easing geopolitical tensions, along with favorable financial results for the quarter ended June26.

Additionally, a po­tential US-Iran deal could moderate international oil prices towards pre-conflict levels, further supporting sentiment. Market continues to trade at attractive valuations.

According to the brokerage house, the benchmark Index is likely to reach 263,800 by end December 2026.

Top picks of the brokerage house include OGDC, PPL, UBL, MEBL, HBL, FFC, ENGROH, PSO, LUCK, FCCL, INDU, ILP and SYS.

PSX benchmark index up 3.0%WoW

Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) witnessed bullish sentiments on Monday and the benchmark index gained 7,241 points, led by a pause in US-Iran strikes, which raised hopes of a diplomatic solution and caused oil prices to fall below US$85/bbl. However, with no lasting resolution during the week, the market remained under pressure over the next three trading sessions, before rebounding on Friday to close the week up 5,073 points or 3.0%WoW at 176,094 points.

Sentiments were further supported by positive June 2026 financial results announced by major companies. Meanwhile, SBP’s status quo in its first FY27 meeting on Monday had little impact on the market, as the decision was largely in line with expectations. Additionally, market participation strengthened, with average daily trading rising by 48.5%WoW to 1.3 billion shares.

On the macroeconomic front, foreign exchange reserves held by SBP decreased to US$17.0 billion as of July 24, 2026. Saudi Arabia also rolled over its US$5 billion deposits for another 3 years, reducing external debt repayments to US$21.5 billion for FY27.

Other major news flow during the week included: 1) ECC approves package of export finance incentives, 2) Dar seeks US partnership to double bilateral trade to US$20 billion, 3) PM Shehbaz Sharif approves amendments to Pakistan Oil Refining Policy, 4) Saudi group eyes US$10 billion investment in Pakistan, and 5) Pakistan, Kuwait agree to expand economic ties.

Active sectors were: Jute, Modarabas, and Refinery, while the lagged included: Close-end Mutual Funds, Miscellaneous, and Textile Weaving.

Major buying was recorded by Mutual Funds of US$14.7 million. While sellers were Individuals with US$11.9 million.

Top performing scrips were: AICL, MLCF, PIBTL, KOHC, and IBFL, while laggards included: HGFA, PIOC, PGLC, YOUW, and TPLRF1.

According to AKD Securities, going forward, any positive progress on US-Iran conflict, along with moderating international oil prices towards pre-conflict levels would remain the key focus.

Favorable financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2026 would support market sentiment in the near term. Market continues to trade at attractive valuations.

Top picks of the brokerage house include: OGDC, PPL, UBL, MEBL, HBL, FFC, ENGROH, PSO, LUCK, FCCL, INDU, ILP and SYS.

Widening War in the Middle East Could Be a Fatal Mistake for the United States

Five months after the United States and Israel launched military operations against Iran, the conflict has outgrown its original battlefield. What began on February 28 has expanded from Iran and Israel to Iraq, Jordan, Egypt and the Strait of Hormuz, raising the risk of a wider regional war with serious global consequences.

The latest escalation underscores this danger. US and Saudi forces jointly struck Iran-aligned groups in eastern Iraq, marking Riyadh's first publicly acknowledged military operation alongside Washington. Iran retaliated by firing missiles at a US base in Jordan and targeting ships in the Strait of Hormuz, the world's most important energy corridor.

Saudi Arabia's subsequent diplomacy is equally telling. After the joint strikes, Defence Minister Prince Khalid bin Salman met US Vice President JD Vance in Washington and reportedly urged the Trump administration not to expand the conflict by attacking Yemen's Houthis or launching further strikes against Iran-backed militias in Iraq. When even America's closest regional ally urges restraint, Washington should take notice.

The conflict is already spreading. A drone strike on a US-owned gas storage tanker at Egypt's Mediterranean port of Damietta highlighted the vulnerability of regional energy infrastructure. Meanwhile, repeated Iranian missile and drone attacks expose the growing limits of American deterrence. According to the Center for Strategic and International Studies, the United States has fewer than 1,000 Patriot and fewer than 250 THAAD interceptor missiles, raising concerns about sustaining a prolonged regional conflict.

The economic risks are equally serious. Any disruption in the Strait of Hormuz threatens global oil and LNG supplies, pushing up freight costs, insurance premiums and energy prices, with inflationary consequences far beyond the Middle East.

President Donald Trump now faces a crucial choice. He can widen the conflict in pursuit of short-term military gains, or recognize that every new front increases the likelihood of a broader and costlier war.

History shows that great powers often falter not because they lack military strength, but because they underestimate the costs of prolonged conflicts. The widening war in the Middle East could become a fatal strategic mistake for the United States. Statesmanship will be measured not by the number of battles fought, but by the wisdom to prevent a wider regional war.

Time for Riyadh to Reassess Its Security Doctrine

For decades, Arab states have been persuaded that Iran poses the greatest threat to their security. Yet the region is arguably less secure today than at any time in recent history. This paradox deserves serious reflection, particularly in Riyadh.

The "Iran threat" narrative has shaped the Middle East's security architecture for more than four decades. Whether entirely justified or deliberately amplified, it has undeniably served several strategic objectives. It reinforced Arab-Iranian hostility, justified a sustained American military presence across the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), generated hundreds of billions of dollars in arms sales, and strengthened Washington's political leverage in the region. It also created an environment that facilitated the Abraham Accords, while discussions on US support for Saudi Arabia's civilian nuclear program have, at various stages, been linked to broader regional political considerations, including normalization with Israel.

Despite these arrangements, the Gulf today faces growing uncertainty. The Gaza war, the prolonged confrontation involving Iran and Israel, recurring tensions in the Strait of Hormuz, and instability around the Red Sea have exposed the vulnerability of the region's energy infrastructure and maritime trade routes. Some regional observers argue that these developments risk undermining the Gulf's position as the world's most dependable energy supplier, regardless of who initiates each crisis.

These realities call for a strategic reassessment. Security partnerships should ultimately be judged not by their longevity, but by their ability to deliver peace, stability and economic security.

The China-brokered rapprochement between Saudi Arabia and Iran demonstrated that diplomacy remains a credible alternative to perpetual confrontation. While the agreement did not eliminate longstanding differences, it showed that dialogue can reduce tensions more effectively than escalating military rivalry. Rather than relying exclusively on traditional security partners, Riyadh could broaden its strategic options by deepening cooperation with Beijing, including in the peaceful development of civilian nuclear technology. Given China's substantial economic interests in Gulf stability and its constructive relations with both Saudi Arabia and Iran, Beijing is well placed to facilitate confidence-building measures and encourage regional de-escalation.

Equally important, GCC states should gradually reduce excessive dependence on external military protection and work toward a regional security framework based on dialogue, mutual respect and shared responsibility. Foreign military partnerships may continue to play an important role, but they should complement—not define—the region's long-term security strategy.

History suggests that lasting peace cannot be achieved through military superiority alone. Sustainable security is built on diplomacy, balanced partnerships and regional ownership of regional challenges. For Saudi Arabia, the question is no longer whether its traditional security doctrine has served the Kingdom well. The more important question is whether that doctrine remains the best guarantee of peace and prosperity in an increasingly multipolar Middle East.

PSX benchmark index declines 2.7%WoW

Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) remained under pressure during the week ended on July 24, 2026. The benchmark index declined by 4,782 points or 2.7%WoW to close at 171,021 points. The average daily trading volume also declined by 3.2%WoW to slightly more than 881 million shares.  

As reported my Western media, Yemen's Houthis declared a naval blockade on Saudi Arabia and claimed strikes on two Saudi oil tankers in the Red Sea, putting Bab el-Mandeb flows at risk alongside the existing disruption at the Strait of Hormuz. The US carried out strikes on Iranian military targets on twelfth consecutive night.

Brent peaked above US$101/ bbl before easing to US$97, keeping energy import and inflation concerns at the forefront.

Sentiment found some support from S&P Global upgrade of Pakistan's long-term sovereign credit rating to 'B' with a stable outlook, citing stability and reform implementation.

On the macroeconomic front, yields during the T-Bills auction rose across all tenors.

Banking sector deposits increased 15.2%YoY to PKR40.9 trillion in June 2026.

Urea offtakes rose 2%YoY to 592,000 tons, driven by improving farm economics and availability of subsidies and cheaper financing. As against this, DAP sales declined 58%YoY on higher pricing.

Other major news flow during the week included: 1) Pakistan sought a US$10 billion bilateral exchange stabilization facility from the United States, 2) GoP proposed changes to the Brown field Refining Policy, 3) Pakistan purchased a spot LNG cargo at US$21.88/ mmbtu, the highest since March this year, 4) US unveiled new tariffs on 60 trade partners ranging 10-12% including Pakistan, and 5) OGRA decided to set petroleum prices on daily basis under new pricing mechanism.

Top performing sectors were: Refinery, Insurance, and Textile Spinning, while the lagged included: Jute, Sugar & Allied Industries, and Close-end Mutual Fund.

Major selling was recorded by Mutual Funds and Banks of US$31.0 million, while major buyers were Individuals and Foreigners aggregating to US2$2.5 million.

Company-wise, top performers were: YOUW, CNERYGY, PGLC, ATRL, and NESTLE, while laggards included: SSGC, SNGP, KTML, MLCF, and KOHC.

According to AKD Securities, the US-Iran conflict and international oil prices, along with monetary policy announcement would remain the key focus.

Additionally, favorable financial results for the period ended June 30, 2026 would drive the market sentiments in the near term.

Market continues to trade at attractive valuations.

Top picks of the brokerage house include: OGDC, PPL, UBL, MEBL, HBL, FFC, ENGROH, PSO, LUCK, FCCL, INDU, ILP and SYS.

US-Saudi Nuclear Deal Built on Contradictions

The proposed US-Saudi nuclear deal is being portrayed as a landmark initiative capable of reshaping the Middle East. In reality, it appears to be a proposal burdened with so many political and strategic conditions that its chances of implementation remain slim. It promises much, yet delivers little that Saudi Arabia has sought for years.

The first obstacle is Washington itself. Any agreement of this magnitude must pass the US Senate, where Middle East policy has historically been heavily influenced by pro-Israel interests. It is difficult to envisage congressional approval for any arrangement that Israel believes could narrow its long-standing strategic and technological superiority in the region. Political resistance in Washington, therefore, remains the biggest hurdle.

Even if the agreement survives Congress, its strategic value for Riyadh is questionable. Saudi Arabia has consistently maintained that any civilian nuclear program must eventually include the right to enrich uranium. If enrichment is prohibited, the Kingdom would remain dependent on foreign suppliers for nuclear fuel. Such an arrangement falls well short of the strategic autonomy Riyadh has long pursued.

The proposal becomes even more complicated if it is linked to Saudi recognition of Israel through the Abraham Accords. The Kingdom faces strong domestic, Arab and wider Islamic pressure not to normalize relations with Israel in the absence of a credible and irreversible path toward Palestinian statehood. Without meaningful progress on that front, normalization carries significant political costs for Riyadh.

There is also an economic dimension. Saudi Arabia has invested heavily in the United States over several decades, yet many in Riyadh question whether Washington has fulfilled the security commitments expected from a strategic ally. The muted American response to attacks on Gulf energy infrastructure and its shifting regional priorities have inevitably weakened Saudi confidence in US security guarantees.

Above all, Saudi leaders understand that American policy in the Middle East is inseparable from its commitment to Israel. Whether justified or not, a growing perception across the Arab world is that Israeli security considerations increasingly shape Washington's regional decisions. That perception inevitably influences Saudi strategic calculations.

For these reasons, the proposed US-Saudi nuclear deal looks less like a transformative agreement and more like a diplomatic bargaining chip. It expects Saudi Arabia to make strategic, political and financial concessions while offering neither an independent nuclear capability nor security assurances that Riyadh considers fully credible. Until these fundamental contradictions are addressed, the deal is unlikely to move beyond diplomatic headlines.