Pakistan: 200bps cut in policy rate anticipated

Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) of State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) is scheduled to meet on November 04, 2024 for adjustment in policy rate

According to a poll conducted by Pakistan’s leading brokerage house, Topline Securities, 85% of the participants expect that the central bank will announce a minimum rate cut of 200bps.

Out of these 63% expect the interest rate to be cut by 200bps, 30% expect a cut of 250bps, while 8% anticipate a cut of more than 250bps.

The brokerage house believes that the larger rate cut expectations in the upcoming monetary policy meetings are driven by the single-digit inflation reading of 6.9% in September 2024, which is expected to continue in October 2024 within a range of 6.5% to 7.0%.

Significant fall in YoY inflation in recent months is on the back of faster food disinflation and downward electricity prices adjustments (FCA).

The brokerage house is also of the view that the SBP will announce a rate cut of 200bps, similar to the cut of 200bps in the last monetary policy meeting, taking total cut to 650bps.

This will be 4th consecutive cut of this cycle.

Post this rate cut of 200bps, real interest rates will remain at +860bps, still higher than Pakistan’s historic average of 200-300bps.

In order to absorb any external and budgetary shock, the brokerage house believes, Central bank will continue to keep positive real rate in range of 300 to 400bps in medium terms over forward looking inflation.

6-minth KIBOR and 6-months T-Bills are down 324-359 bps from last MPC meeting.

Falling inflation expectations, the 6M KIBOR and Treasury bills rate are down 324-359bps since last monetary policy meeting on September 12, 2024 and currently hovering at 14.43% and 13.8%, respectively. This also suggest, market participants are expecting a big rate cut in upcoming meetings.

The brokerage house expects policy rate to come down to 13% by Jun 2025 with average inflation expectation of 7%for FY25.

 

Pakistan: Central bank remains cautious ahead of some key milestones

The State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) maintained the policy rate at 22% for the seventh consecutive meeting. Despite considerable disinflation in February, the SBP chose to remain cautious. There remain risks to future inflation – from further increases in administrated prices (of energy) and tax measures in the FY25 budget could be inflationary. The decision was in line with market consensus.

Key reasons for the decision:

The outlook for GDP growth – in the range of 2-3% in FY24 – remains intact and is largely driven by the rebound in the agricultural sector (which does not respond to monetary policy), while the LSM growth has recently turned positive (down a moderate 0.5% YoY in 7MFY24).

Core inflation (urban), which had hitherto been sticky, fell to 18% in February from 20.5% in the earlier month, while urban wages growth has also slowed in recent months. Nonetheless, headline inflation remains elevated and warrants a cautious stance.

The external account has improved considerably as well. Current Account balance during July-January period was US$1.1 billion only, as compared to US$3.8 billion for the same period last year. This was mainly on the back of contraction in imports, down 11% YoY in 7MFY24 amid a slowing economy (also partly due to lack of flood induced imports last year).

Primary balance improved to 1.7% of GDP in 1HFY24 from 1.1% for the same period last year, on the back of strong growth in revenues and contained expenditure. The SBP considers the continuation of current fiscal consolidation as important to support the present monetary policy stance.

The decision was largely expected and thus will lead to a muted response from the equity and money markets.

Trends in the above macro indicators are encouraging and could support a first cut in rates in the April 2024.

However, a key factor for future monetary policy will be talks with the IMF for a new program, which may commence at the IMF-World Bank Spring meetings due 19-21 April 2024.

That will shape the FY25 Budget and whether the IMF demands further adjustments in energy prices and exchange rate during the negotiations.