It is a harsh reality that Palestinians have faced
expulsions, restrictions, and marginalization in several countries over the
decades, often due to political instability, regional conflicts, or domestic
pressures in host countries. Here's a summary of key incidents and contexts:
Jordan
(1970–71) Black September
After the 1967 Arab-Israeli War, large numbers of
Palestinian fighters (PLO) operated from Jordan. Tensions rose between the PLO
and Jordanian government. In 1970–71, during Black September, the Jordanian
army crushed the PLO, killing thousands and forcing its leadership and fighters
to flee to Lebanon. While most ordinary Palestinian civilians remained, some
were expelled or displaced during the crackdown.
Lebanon
(1982 and 1990s)
Lebanon became a new base for the PLO after Jordan. In 1982,
during Israel’s invasion of Lebanon, the PLO was forced out (mostly to
Tunisia). After the Lebanese civil war ended in the 1990s, some Palestinian
militias were disarmed and displaced. Lebanon still denies citizenship and
basic rights to most Palestinian refugees, and they are barred from many
professions.
Kuwait
(1991 Gulf War)
Before 1990, over 400,000 Palestinians lived in Kuwait, many
working in key sectors. During the Gulf War, PLO supported Saddam Hussein’s
invasion of Kuwait. After Kuwait was liberated in 1991, the government expelled
over 200,000 Palestinians in retaliation. This was one of the largest mass
expulsions in recent history.
Iraq
(Post-2003 War)
Under Saddam Hussein, Palestinians were treated well and
given housing and rights. After the US invasion in 2003, and the rise of
sectarian violence, Palestinians were targeted by militias who viewed them as
Ba'athist loyalists. Thousands fled Iraq, and some were stranded in desert
camps on the border with Syria and Jordan.
Syria
(2011 onwards)
Syria hosted over 500,000 Palestinians before its civil war.
Many lived in Yarmouk camp (near Damascus). After 2011, Yarmouk became a war
zone. Many residents were displaced, killed, or fled. Tens of thousands of
Palestinians fled Syria, becoming refugees again in Lebanon, Jordan, or Turkey.
Egypt
While Egypt has not expelled Palestinians en masse, it has
historically been strict about residency and movement, especially after the
peace treaty with Israel. After Hamas took control of Gaza in 2007, Egypt
severely restricted the Rafah border crossing, effectively trapping Gazans and
limiting their freedom.
Why
This Happens
Palestinian communities often get caught in political
conflicts in host countries. The presence of armed Palestinian groups (like the
PLO or Hamas) has sometimes led to tensions with host governments. Palestinians
are also stateless, making them especially vulnerable to political shifts and
expulsions.
Moral
of the story
Palestinians have been expelled, marginalized, or displaced
multiple times even beyond their original 1948 exile. Their statelessness, the
unresolved nature of their refugee status, and involvement in regional politics
have made them especially vulnerable over decades.
It’s a story not just of one time displacement—but of
repeated uprooting, often in harsh and unstable environments.
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